Improved beiok-deiee



J. J. JOHNSTON BRICK DRIER.

Patented Sept. 24, 1867. ,r'

gums tutti? gaunt @ffim JAMES sooniisron, or ALLEGHENY crrr, ASSIGNOR T0THEIPEOPLES BRICK-MACHINE COMPANY, on ,PITTSBURG; PENNSYLVANIA,"

.- Letters Pate'ntNo. 69,217, dated September '24, 1867.

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Be it known that I, JAMES J. JOHNSTQN, of the-city and county ofAllegheny, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and usefulimprovement in Brick-Briers; and I do hereby dcclar'e that the followingisa full and exact description thereof, reference being had toItheaccompanying drawings, andxto the letters and figures of referencemarked thereon.

The nature of my invention consists in the use of .a dry-house]prov'ided:witl1 :flues, air-conducting pipes, and u suction-fan, saidfines, pipes, and fan soarranged with rel'ationto each other that pureair is drawn into k and heated in its passage through the pipes, andforced into the dry-house by the fun without any increase of the draughton the fire of the furnace. v p H My invention further consists in apeculiar form of the dry-house. and bcaringofii cars ortrncks, whichareso arranged with relation to each other that the heat in the dry-house?is hep't in close contact with the brick on the cars or trucks, the formof which readily permits the moisture and vapor to pass offfrom thebricl ,,which are so'arranged in tiers that thcy areexposei'l-to theevaporativeaction of thctdry-housefl the whole being constructed,arranged, and operating in the manner hereinafter described. I I

To enable others skilled in the art to makeand use myinvention, I willproceed to describe its constrnction and operation. In theaccompanyingdrawings,'which form part of my spccific'ation- 1 Figurelrepresents a side-elevation'of my improvement fordryingbricks. i s

Figure 2 represents an end elevation of the saine.

Figure3 is a top. view or plan ofthe same. I v

" Figure 4-. represents a plan of the furnace-fines, pipes, and fan. ,1i

Figure 5 represents an end elevation of the'car or truck usedfor bearingoil' the brick into the dry-house. Figure 6 represents a side elevationof the same. i

' Figure 7 represents a top view of the boards used for supporting thebrick on the car or trucks.

\ Figure 8 represents a side elevation of the same. I

J In the drawings, A is the dry-house, which is conifcrm when viewed incross-section; and is formed of boards, sheet iron, or other suitablematerial. B represents the doors, which are hingedat the point marked 1,Under the floor of the dry-house A are lines f and g, which areconnected with the boiler-furnace of the engine used for driving themachinery connected with. the manufacture of brick. In the heat-chamberof the boiler-furnace are two pipes, It and i, which run lengthways ofthe furnace. To the pipes k and z' are connected pipes m and n, whichrun longitudinally within the lines f and g, and connect with the case Bof the fan. The fines f and g terminate in a. flue, J, which is providedwith a stack, P. To the fan-case R are connected two pipes, 0 and s,which communicate with the interior of the dry-house. Through thedry-house runs a railway, x, for the cars or trucks. At each end of thisrailway should'bc switches x, for shifting the cars from the track a tothe return track 22:. The cars or trucks 3/ should be made in the formrepresented in figs. 5 and 6. lhe boards for supporting the brick on thecars or trucks should be of sufficient length and breadth to hold sixbrick, as shown in figs. 7 and 8. These'boards with their lead of brickare placed on the shelves 1. of the cars or trucks y, as shown in fits,6. I I The manner of cbnstructi 'ng the several parts of my improvedbrick-drier will readily be understood by the skillful mechanic from theabove dcscripcion and by reference to the accompanying drawings. I will,thercfore, without further description of-its construction, proceed todescribe its operation.

Having all things constructed and arranged substantially as hereindescribed, the brick-as fast as they areuioulded are turned out on theboards, which are as fast as they are filled placed in theirpropcrposition on the shelves of the car or truck, which, as soon as it hasreceived its load, is run into the front end of the dry-house, which isits coolest part; and as each succeeding car is loaded and entersthedry-house, the cars whichpreceded them will be uioved fprward into abetter part of the dry-house, thus gradually bringing the brick incontact with a. gradual increase of heat in the dry-house, therebygradually and evenly drying the brick without liabi-litypfcrackingthem.- It will readily be observed that the form of the car or truck andthe arrangement of the brick thereon will greatly facilitate the escapeof the moisture and vapor from the brick, and at the same time exposethelnick' to evapora-tjve action of thedry-liouse. After the loaded carshave passed throughthe dry-house, they may by means of suitable railwaysconvey the brick to the kiln, and the brick set foi the burning process.Each loaded czir or truck should remain-in the dry-house for about sevenhours, which will be suflicientjtime for drying the brick so that theycan at once he set in the kiln for burning. Pure air'is drawn I .into,the pipes k nndi, and from them passes along the pipes m and r. into thefan R, from which it is throw-n or forced through pipes o and 3 into thedry-house at or near its back end. (A represents the front end and B"the back end of the dry-house.) -It will readily'he seen andunderstoodthat pureair can be forced into and through the pipes h, i, m,and it into the dry-house, therefore I'do not confine myself to a singlemode of supplying the dry-house with heated air. The heat of theboiler-furnace heats 'the pipes h and i, and the heat which passes.through the fines f and 9 will heat the pipes m and n, and the airpassing throughall these pipes, cpnibined will be heated and put inmotion through the dry-house for the purpose set forth. The smoke, dust,and other refuse of combustionof the furnace are conveyed along thefines f and 9 into the flue J, and from it up through and out of thestack P. '-By this arrangement of the fines, pipes, and'fanhereinbet'oi'e described, the flucs of tho boiler-furnace serve atriplepurpose, to viit, they-convey the smoke-and dust from the boilerfurnace,they heat the floor of the'dry-honse, and they .heat'and formchambersfor the air pipes. v

The skillful mechanic will readily notice another very importunt fcaturein niy iuventiom to wit, that I can increase the force of the heated airin the dry-house without any increase of draught to the furnace. This isaccomplished by the use of the pipes h, i, an, and n, in combinationwith the fan. Another feature connected with my improved brick-drier isthat its coolest part is next to the fire which imports heat to thewhoie of the dry-honse. o I v i In case it should be desired, the escapesteam from the engine may be conveyed'through pipes on 'the', under sideof the roof of the dry-house, (as indicated by dotted lines'iu fig. 1,)and used for imparting bent to the interior of the dry-house. i

The advantages obtained by the form, construction, and arrangement ofthe severalparts of my improvement in brick-driers are too apparent torequire any recital or enumeration, for any mechanic skilled in the artof drying brick will see at a glance that all the requirements for thehrichwdrying process are fullysupplied by my invention, as hereindescribed and set forth.

Haring thus-described thcnatnre, construction,- nndopcration of myimprovement, .what'l claim as of mv invention, is-

- vl ilh e eoniformed dry-house, in combination with the car, (whenviewed in cross-section,) provided with ilues connected with theboiler-furnace and its stack, substantially as herein described and setforth.

2. The car ortruck for hearing off the brick, when constructed as hereindescribed and represented, and

' used for the purpose set forth.

The combination of the pipes h, i, m, and n with the boiler-furnace, andthe fiuesf and g, constructed,

a ranged, and operatingsuhstantiallyas herein described, and for thepurpose set forth. 7,

the dry-house, in the manner and for the purpose set forth- JAMES J.JOHNSTON.

Witnesses:

W. A. CHAPMAN,

-A. C. Jonusron.

' The use of a fun, in combination with the pipes k, 'i, m, and n, forforcing heated air into and through

